EN-3233 - Steam and Gas Turbines

TOPIC - Introduction to steam and gas turbines

• Explains the developmental stages and application of marine propulsion engines including steam and gas turbines.

TOPIC - Design considerations

• Explains the variables considered in designing a ship's propulsion system.

TOPIC - Main Plant Startup

• Describes the procedure for starting up the main plant aboard the TS Cape Bon.

31A6
31A6.1
31A6.4.2
31A6.4.4

TOPIC - Thermodynamics

• Defines thermodynamic concepts and how they apply to marine propulsion turbines.

TOPIC - Impulse turbines

• Explains the design characteristic and use of the impulse type turbine.

TOPIC - Reaction turbines

• Explains the design characteristics and use of the reaction type turbine.
• Explains the differences in construction and use between between impulse and reaction type turbines.

TOPIC - Reheat turbines

• Explains reheat turbines, their construction, application, and benefits.

TOPIC - Blading

• Explains the different designs of turbine blades, their construction, mounting, and stresses upon them.

TOPIC - Nozzles and diaphragms

• Explains of the use and design of steam nozzles and stationary diaphragms.

TOPIC - Rotor, casings and foundations

• Explains the construction of turbine rotors, casings, and foundations.

TOPIC - Gland sealing

• Describes the function and operation of turbine components such as: dummy pistons, by-pass valves, steam induction and extractions.
• Understands and explain the operation of the gland seal system and the use of the gland seal regulator.

TOPIC - Auxiliary turbines

• Discusses the difference between main propulsion type turbines and smaller single-stage auxiliary turbines.
• Explains the construction of auxiliary turbines.

TOPIC - Lube oil theory

• Discusses the practical theory of lubrication, different lube oils, their grade, and application.

TOPIC - Lube oil systems

• Explains the different types of lubrication systems as applied to shipboard systems.
• Defines regulations pertaining to LO systems as required by the U.S.C.G.

31A6.4.2
31A6.4.4

TOPIC - Lube oil purifiers

• Discusses in detail the principle, theory, and operation of centrifuges including:
  • DeLaval,
  • Westfalia,
  • Mitsubishi disk type purifiers,
  • Sharples tubular bowl type centrifuge.

31A6.1.1
31A6.1.2

TOPIC - Bearings

• Explains the different types of bearings and how they are classified.

TOPIC - Reduction gears

• Explains the purpose and design of reduction gears in general and also reduction gears specifically used in marine propulsion systems.

TOPIC - Shafts, couplings, bearings

• Discusses in detail the machinery used in a vessel's propulsion system aft of the reduction gear.

TOPIC - Engine logs and recordkeeping

• Describes the engine log book and its use to record normal operations, changes in machinery status, and malfunctions
• Describes the significance of reading staken and normal and abnormal data
• Perform calculations involving pitch, slip, fuel consumption, such as might be found in engine logs and records.

31A4.3.1
31A4.3.2
31A4.3.3

TOPIC - Steam turbine losses

• Explains losses within a turbine and also external factors which effect the overall plant efficiency.
• Uses the Mollier chart to calculate turbine efficiency.

TOPIC - Throttles and controls

• Explains in detail the different methods used for turbine throttles and turbine throttle controls.

31A4.5.1

TOPIC - Governors

• Explains in detail mechanical and mechanical-hydraulic governors as applied to small auxiliary and main propulsion turbines.

31A4.5.1

TOPIC - Overspeed devices

• Explains mechanical and mechanical-hydraulic overspeed devices as applied to small auxiliary and main propulsion turbines.

31A4.5.1

LAB - Circ, Condensate, and L.O. System Startup

• Walks through the startup procedure for the main circ and condensate systems aboard the TS Cape Bon.
• Trace entire lube oil service system.
• Start the main lube oil system aboard the TS Cape Bon.
• Get wheel clearance, engage and start the jacking gear.

31A6
31A6.1
31A6.4.4
31A4.5.1

LAB - Turbine gland seal and throttle control

• Trace gland seal system
• Explain in detail the operation of:
  • gland seal regulator
  • ahead throttle control
  • turbine overspeed governor
  • auliliary turbine governor
• Describe operation of gland seal regulator
• Discuss all external purifier components
• Disassembles to the gearbox assembly, the disk type centrifuge.
• Reassemble the centrifuge.

31A6.1.1
31A6.1.2
31A4.5.1
31A6.4.4

LAB - Plant startup (simulator)

• Starts the entire steam plant from cold ship, using the simulator.
• Operates the plant on HFO, with turbine generator operating and on-line supplying the vessel with power, and the entire steam plant in a stable operating condition.

31A6.4.4
31A6.1.16

LAB - Main propulsion startup (training ship)

• Starts the entire propulsion plant, assuming steam is available at the boiler.

31A6
31A6.1
31A6.1.16

LAB - Main and auxiliary turbine construction

• Discusses the internal components of the main and auxiliary turbines aboard the T.S. Cape Bon
• Observes film of overhaul of Patriot State Main Engine which includes, the disassembly of the thrust bearings, line shaft bearings, turbine nozzles, diaphragms, bearings, flexible couplings.
• Discusses the reassembly of these components and the precise measurements and alignment required.
• Discusses the oil spray pattern within the gear mesh of the high speed pinion of the main gearbox.
• Lines up and starts the main lube oil system
• Engages the jacking gear.
• Observes in detail the construction of two different main turbine rotors.
• Disassembles and reassembles three different single stage auxiliary turbines.
• Disassembles Kingsbury type thrust bearing.

31C1.3.4
31C1.3.7

LAB - Gas turbines

• Discusses gas turbine construction and operation, including:
  • single/split shaft turbines
  • compressors
  • combustion chambers
  • gas generators
  • power turbines
  • starting systems
  • lube oils systems
  • controls.
• Start gas turbine unit
• Modify air flow and observe resulting output power
• Adjust the RPM and objserve power and efficiency changes.