History of T.S. Patriot State |
Massachusetts Maritime Academy's training vessel, the Patriot State, came to the academy in 1985. She is the latest in a line of training
vessels stretching back to the Enterprise in 1893.
The Patriot State, originally named Santa Mercedes, was built in 1965 as a single screw cargo passenger vessel for Grace Line, Inc. The design
is a C4-S1-49a. The vessel was built at the Sparrows Point Shipyard of
Bethlehem Steel Company at Baltimore, Maryland.
The Santa Magdalena, the first of the class, was delivered to Grace Line
on February 4, 1965. She was the first of four cargo-passenger ships of
remarkably modern and progressive design.
The sister vessels included the Santa Mariana, Santa Maria, Santa
Mercedes and were destined to play an important role in promoting closer
ties within the Americas, carrying passengers and cargo between Atlantic Coast ports in the United States and the Canal Zone, Columbia, Ecuador, and Peru. The ships were designed by George G. Sharp Co., naval architects and engineers of New York.
From the beginning, the Grace Line management desired, as the major design
objective, to achieve increased efficiency by lowering cargo handling time and
costs. An operations analysis of the trade route was made by Sharp to
determine the characteristics of the cargo moving on the route and to establish
the feasibility of mechanical handling of cargo in units. This operations
analysis included a detail study of the cargo commodities transported on the
route and included analyses of weight, dimensions, net cubic, gross cubic, port
of origin, port of destination and a classification of the cargo concerning its
susceptibility to unitization. Trends in cargo carryings were analyzed and, in
conjunction with trade forecasts prepared by Grace economists, were projected
into the future. The port conditions, which would have an effect upon the
design of the cargo-handling system and the ship, also received careful
attention.
The southbound cargo was generally manufactured goods of approximately the
following composition:
Percent by Volume Weight 1. Bagged and packaged cargo suitable 41.5 44.8 for containers or pallets 2. Machinery, knocked-down automobile 22.7 30.1 units, drums, newsprint, etc. having dimensions less than that of a container 3. Vehicles smaller than container size 15.8 3.5 4. Vehicles and machinery larger than 9.8 6.2 container size 5. Steel pipe, rails, etc. less than 35 4.5 8.2 feet in length 6. Steel pipe, rails, etc., exceeding 35 0.7 3.6 feet in length 7. Large items 3.7 2.2 8. Lifts over 20 tons 1.3 1.4 Total 100.0 100.0The northbound cargo had different characteristics, and it was obvious from a review of the commodity listings and packaging data that practically all could be handled by unitized and bulk-handling systems. This cargo included a large amount of bananas and other refrigerated cargo. Comparisons of the cargo moving in each direction were made to select the proportion of space to be adapted for containers, pallets, trays, bananas, etc. Analyses were made of year-to-year and voyage-to-voyage variations to determine the flexibility required. With information thus developed on the characteristics of the cargo, preliminary studies were made of various ship arrangements and systems for handling and stowing of the cargo. The results of these studies indicated the desirability of providing the following:
The following year, four hold was opened up for use by installing the stair tower, fire stations, and a watertight door to provide access to the B-deck cross passageway. The facilities in four hold, including the machine shop, maintenance training lab, classrooms, spare parts storage, and gym were all constructed by cadets. In 1993 an extensive upgrade of cadet berthing facilities was begun with the installation of heads, showers, lockers and bunks in three hold D-Deck. The habitability improvments of the berthing spaces were completed in 1997, when the improvments were extended to C and B-decks. The same year, control-desuperheaters were installed in the propulsion boilers. These devices permit the boilers to produce more steam and the ship to increase its top speed without exceeding allowable superheated steam temperatures. |